Thursday, July 12, 2012

Numbers: Singular VS. Plural

Grammatical number is a category that distinguishes a count of the noun. English has two categories: Singular (only one) and Plural (not one). Other languages such as Iloko have an additional category, Dual (just two or a pair), but it only occurs in the first person dual pronoun, i.e. "we two".

In software, texts in the original English use the plural forms in many instances.

Iloko nouns can be inflected for the plural number in a number of ways.

  • The first is using the plural form of the noun marker, e.g. dagiti, kadagiti, and the demonstratives, e.g. dagitoy, dagidiay, etc.
  • The second method is to reduplicate (CVC) the first syllable of the root, e.g. ramit, ramramit.
  • The third method is specific to nouns for people and doesn't have a pattern. I will leave this one out for the time being.

Sometimes, the first and the second or third methods co-occur (e.g. dagiti ramramit). But, when localizing into Iloko several things should be considered when applying the plural and matching the English text.

Space
Space is a main consideration. Text might be truncated because no enough space was anticipated for anything longer. Where space is limited, do not pluralize the Iloko noun. These situations would be menus or status bar texts. When in doubt, check it in the actual application. It may be necessary to use the pluralized form for clarity. Using the plural marker resembles Tagalog localization and takes up space, e.g. "Mga File", "Mga Details", and it does not really add to the intelligibility of the text. In fact, it looks like a calque or a kludge to shoehorn an English style upon a different language.

If space is not an issue and full sentences and phrases are present such as dialog boxes or documentation, use the plural noun marker for general pluralization. Only use the morphological plural if the sense of the sentence or phrase lends itself to the idea of distribution, i.e. "each file".

Ultradefrag v 5.x: Iloko

It's been well over a year since my last post and there have been a few goings on in the area of Iloko localization.

Ultradefrag
Ultradefrag is a free, open-source disk defragmentation utility. When a file is written on a disk, the OS (Operating System) splits the file into pieces and tries its best to fill up any spaces left vacant by deleted files. At times, the pieces are scattered all over the disk, especially big files such as videos and big image files. The read/write head of the hard drive has to search all over which can incur wear and tear on the device. The "rattling" sound of a hard drive is caused by the read/write head excessively moving around.

The purpose of a defragmentation utility is to reorganize the files so that their pieces are not only close together but are arranged consecutively to reduce damage and increase performance. Running such a utility once a week or so is suggested to keep your computer in good working order and for faster file access. Because running such a utility can be time and resource consuming, as in memory, data throughput and CPU time, it is best to have it scheduled to run when the computer is not in use.

Although Windows has a defragmentation utility, there are others marketed by companies such as Condusiv Technologies (formerly Diskeeper Corp.) with their Diskeeper product or UltimateDefrag by DiskTrix. But, these products can start at $29.99 USD.

Ultradefrag, on the other hand, is free and it supports three Filipino languages. It is available for Windows for x86, amd64 and Itanium64 versions of Windows and works on Windows NT 4.0 through Windows 7 and Windows Server versions as well.

The three Filipino languages that are available are Tagalog (Filipino), Iloko and Waray-Waray. Iloko is now "live" and is one of the selectable languages when installing.


For more information: